Condensed cyclic compound and an organic light-emitting device including the same

ABSTRACT

A condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 and an organic light-emitting apparatus including the same.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No.10-2016-0076607, filed on Jun. 20, 2016 in the Korean IntellectualProperty Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated by referenceherein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a condensedcyclic compound, and more particularly to an organic light-emittingdevice including the same.

DISCUSSION OF RELATED ART

Organic light-emitting devices may be self-emission devices. Organiclight-emitting devices may have relatively wide viewing angles,relatively high contrast ratios, relatively short response times, andincreased brightness, driving voltage, and response speedcharacteristics. Organic light-emitting devices may produce full-colorimages.

Organic light-emitting devices may include a first electrode disposed ona substrate. Organic light-emitting devices may include a hole transportregion, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and a secondelectrode sequentially disposed on the first electrode. Holes providedfrom the first electrode may move toward the emission layer through thehole transport region. Electrons provided from the second electrode maymove toward the emission layer through the electron transport region.Carriers, such as holes and electrons, may recombine in the emissionlayer to produce excitons. The excitons may transition from an excitedstate to a ground state, thus generating light.

SUMMARY

One or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention include acondensed cyclic compound and an organic light-emitting device includingthe same.

One or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide acondensed cyclic compound. The condensed cyclic compound is representedby Formula 1:

*-(L₁)_(a1)-(Ar₁)_(b1),  <Formula 2>

In Formulae 1 and 2,

X₁ is O or S.

Y₁ is C(R₉) or N.

Y₂ is C(R₁₀) or N.

L₁ is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆₀ carbocyclicgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,*—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—S(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′,*—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, or *—P(═S)₂—*′.

a1 is an integer selected from 0 to 4. When a1 is 2 or greater, at leasttwo L₁(s) may be the same or different from each other.

Ar₁ is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁).

b1 is an integer selected from 1 to 4. When b1 is 2 or greater, at leasttwo Ar₁(s) may be the same or different from each other.

R₁ to R₁₀ are each independently be selected from a group represented byFormula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —B(Q₁)(Q₂),—C(═O)(Q₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), or —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂).

At least one of R₁ to R₁₀ is the group represented by Formula 2.

At least one substituent selected from a substituent(s) of thesubstituted C₃-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heterocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group is selected from:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazonogroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —B(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —C(═O)(Q₁₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₁₁), or —P(═O)(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, or a terphenyl group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group,—Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃), —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —B(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —C(═O)(Q₂₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₂₁), or —P(═0)(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂); or

—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).

Q₁ to Q₃, Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independentlyselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, or a terphenyl group.

* and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

One or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide anorganic light-emitting device. The organic light-emitting deviceincludes a first electrode; a second electrode facing the firstelectrode; and an organic layer that is disposed between the firstelectrode and the second electrode. The organic layer includes anemission layer. The organic layer includes at least one of the condensedcyclic compounds represented by Formula 1.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other features of the present invention will become moreapparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof, withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention; and

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

One or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide acondensed cyclic compound. The condensed cyclic compound may berepresented by Formula 1:

*-(L₁)_(a1)-(Ar₁)_(b1).  <Formula 2>

X₁ in Formula 1 may be oxygen (O) or sulfur (S).

Y₁ in Formula 1 may be C(R₉) or nitrogen (N).

Y₂ in Formula 1 may be C(R₁₀) or nitrogen (N).

R₁ to R₁₀ in Formula 1 may each independently be selected from a grouprepresented by Formula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —N(Q₁)(Q₂),—B(Q₁)(Q₂), —C(═O)(Q₁), —B(═O)₂(Q₁), or —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂).

Q₁ to Q₃ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, anamino group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, or a terphenyl group.

At least one of R₁ to R₁₀ in Formula 1 may be the group represented byFormula 2.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, inFormula 1,Y₁═C(R₉) and at least one of R₁ to R₃ and R₉ may be the grouprepresented by Formula 2. According to one or more exemplary embodimentsof the present invention, in Formula 1, Y₂═C(R₁₀), and at least one ofR₁ to R₃ and R₁₀ may be the group represented by Formula 2.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when atleast one of R₁ to R₃ is the group represented by Formula 2, R₉ or R₁₀may be selected from a phenyl group, a pyridinyl group, or a biphenylgroup; however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are notlimited thereto.

R₄ to R₈ may be hydrogen; however, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

L₁ in Formula 2 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀heterocyclic group, *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—S(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′,*—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, or *—P(═S)₂—*′.

Q₁ may be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclicgroup, a biphenyl group, or a terphenyl group, in which * and *′ eachmay indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, L₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from: a benzene group, a pentalene group, anindene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, a heptalene group,an indacene group, an acenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a spiro-benzofluorene-fluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pyrrole group, a thiophenegroup, a furan group, a silole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazolegroup, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, anisoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group,a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a benzofuran group, abenzothiophene group, a benzosilole group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a dibenzosilole group, a carbazole group, abenzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazole group, a benzimidazole group,or an imidazopyridine group; a benzene group, a pentalene group, anindene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, a heptalene group,an indacene group, an acenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a spiro-benzofluorene-fluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pyrrole group, a thiophenegroup, a furan group, a silole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazolegroup, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, anisoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group,a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a benzofuran group, abenzothiophene group, a benzosilole group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a dibenzosilole group, a carbazole group, abenzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazole group, a benzimidazole group,and an imidazopyridine group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group,a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group,a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group,a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂); or *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—S(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′,*—P(═O)₂—*′ *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, or *—P(═S)₂—*′, in which * and *′ mayindicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

Q₁ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, L₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from: a benzene group, an anthracene group, adibenzofuran group, a benzimidazole group, an imidazopyridine group, ora triazine group; a benzene group, a fluorene group, or a carbazolegroup, each substituted with at least one of a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, or a pyridinyl group; and*—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—S(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′ *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′,or *—P(═S)₂—*′, in which * and *′ may each indicate a binding site to aneighboring atom. However, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, L₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 3-1 to3-50.

In Formulae 3-1 to 3-50:

Y₁ may be selected from O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), N(Z₅), or Si(Z₆)(Z₇),

Z₁ to Z₇ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, acycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolylgroup, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group,a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group,or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected froma C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group,

d2 may be an integer selected from 0 to 2,

d3 may be an integer selected from 0 to 3,

d4 may be an integer selected from 0 to 4,

d5 may be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

d6 may be an integer selected from 0 to 6,

d8 may be an integer selected from 0 to 8, and

*, *′, and *″ may each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, L₁ inFormula 2 may include a group represented by Formulae 3-1 to 3-3, 3-8,3-27, or 3-42 to 3-50; however, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Y₃₁ inFormulae 3-40 and 3-41 may be oxygen (O) or C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄); however,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

a1 in Formula 2 may indicate the number of L₁(s). Thus, a1 may be aninteger selected from 0 to 4. When a1 is 2 or greater, at least twoL₁(s) may be the same or different from each other. When a1 is zero,*-(L₁)_(a1)-*′ may be a single bond.

a1 in Formula 2 may be an integer selected from 0 to 2; however,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Ar₁ in Formula 2 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁),—P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁). Q₁ and Q₂ may each independently beselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, or a terphenyl group.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzonaphthofuranyl group, adinaphthofuranyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a benzonaphthosilolyl group, adinaphthosilolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, or an imidazopyridinylgroup;

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzonaphthofuranyl group, adinaphthofuranyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a benzonaphthosilolyl group, adinaphthosilolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, or an imidazopyridinylgroup, each substituted with at least one of deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group,a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenylgroup, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenylgroup, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, anaphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, acoronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzofuranylgroup, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); or

—S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁),—P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁).

Q₁, Q₂, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group; however,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a fluorenyl group,a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a triazinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a naphthofuranyl group, abenzimidazolyl group, or an imidazopyridinyl group;

a phenyl group, a terphenyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a triazinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dinaphthofuranyl group, abenzimidazolyl group, and an imidazopyridinyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); or

—S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁),—P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁).Q₁, Q₂, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may eachindependently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthylgroup, or a pyridinyl group; however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 5-1 to5-30, —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁),—P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁).

In Formulae 5-1 to 5-30:

Y₃₁ may be selected from oxygen (O), sulfur (S), C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), orSi(Z₃₆) (Z₃₇),

Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium,—F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, acycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, anindenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group,an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group,a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, a pyridinyl group,an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),

Q₁, Q₂, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group,

e3 may be an integer selected from 0 to 3,

e4 may be an integer selected from 0 to 4,

e5 may be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

e6 may be an integer selected from 0 to 6,

e7 may be an integer selected from 0 to 7,

e9 may be an integer selected from 0 to 9, and

* may indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from a group represented by Formulae 5-1, 5-3,5-4, 5-7, 5-13, 5-14, 5-22, or 5-27 to 5-30; however, exemplaryembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Y₃₁ in Formulae 5-13 to 5-15 may be oxygen (O), C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), or N(Z₃₅);however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

Y₃₁ in Formula 5-29 may be N(Z₃₅); however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 6-1 to6-138 or groups represented by Formulae 10-1 to 10-7; however, exemplaryembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In Formulae 6-1 to 6-143 and 10-1 to 10-7, Ph refers to a phenyl groupand * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₁ inFormula 2 may be selected from groups represented by Formulae 6-1, 6-13,6-15, 6-16, 6-20 to 6-22, 6-25, 6-27, 6-34, 6-41, 6-49, 6-54, 6-62,6-70, 6-78, 6-90, 6-102, 6-114, 6-115, 6-117 to 6-120, 6-123, 6-124,6-126, 6-127, 6-129, 6-131, 6-132 to 6-143, 10-2, or 10-4 to 10-7;however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

b1 in Formula 2 may indicate the number of Ar₁(s). b1 in Formula 2 maybe an integer selected from 1 to 4. When b1 is 2 or greater, at leasttwo Ar₁(s) may be the same or different from each other.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thecondensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be selected fromCompounds 1 to 155; however, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

In Formula 1, a hetero ring including an oxygen atom or a sulfur atommay be condensed in a ring. The ring may include an imidazole and aquinoline. The imidazole and the quinoline may be condensed with eachother. Thus, electron transport capability may be increased through aplanar core structure.

Since the condensed cyclic compound may include a core represented byFormula 1, mobility of electrons may be increased by an increase in adipole moment. The increase in the dipole moment may be due to at leastone heteroatom and an increase in π-π orbital interaction due to afused-aromatic ring.

Thus, an electronic device (e.g., an organic light-emitting device)which includes the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1may have a relatively high luminance, a relatively high efficiency, anda relatively long lifespan.

The condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may besynthesized by using a known organic synthesis method. The synthesismethod for the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may berecognizable to one of ordinary skill in the art, for example, byreferring to the Examples described below.

At least one of the condensed cyclic compounds represented by Formula 1may be positioned between a pair of electrodes of an organiclight-emitting device. For example, the condensed cyclic compoundrepresented by Formula 1 may be included in at least one layer selectedfrom an electron transport region or an emission layer. According to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention, the condensed cycliccompound represented by Formula 1 may be included in a material for acapping layer. The capping layer may be positioned outside a pair ofelectrodes of an organic light-emitting device.

One or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention may providean organic light-emitting device. The organic light-emitting device mayinclude a first electrode, a second electrode facing the firstelectrode, and an organic layer. The organic layer may be disposedbetween the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic layermay include an emission layer. The organic layer may include at leastone of the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1.

The expression “(an organic layer) includes at least one condensedcyclic compound” as used herein may include a case in which “(an organiclayer) includes the same compounds represented by Formula 1” and a casein which “(an organic layer) includes two or more different condensedcyclic compounds represented by Formula 1.”

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the firstelectrode of the organic light-emitting device may be an anode. Thesecond electrode of the organic light-emitting device may be a cathode.The organic layer may include a hole transport region and an electrontransport region. The hole transport region may be disposed between thefirst electrode and the emission layer. The electron transport regionmay be disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode. Thehole transport region may include at least one of a hole injectionlayer, a hole transport layer, a buffer layer, an emission auxiliarylayer, an electron blocking layer. The electron transport region mayinclude at least one of an emission auxiliary layer, a hole blockinglayer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, theelectron transport region may include at least one of the condensedcyclic compounds represented by Formula 1. The electron transport regionmay include an electron transport layer. The electron transport layermay include at least one of the condensed cyclic compounds representedby Formula 1.

The emission layer may include at least one of the condensed cycliccompounds represented by Formula 1. The emission layer may include adopant. An amount of the condensed cyclic compound represented byFormula 1 in the emission layer may be larger than an amount of thedopant. The condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 in theemission layer may be configured to serve as a host. The dopant may be aphosphorescent dopant. Alternatively, the dopant may be a fluorescentdopant.

The electron transport region may include an emission auxiliary layer.The emission auxiliary layer may include the condensed cyclic compoundrepresented by Formula 1.

The electron transport region may include an electron transport layer.The emission auxiliary layer may be disposed between the electrontransport layer and the emission layer. The emission layer may includean anthracene-based compound.

The organic layer may include a hole transport region and/or an electrontransport region. The hole transport region may be disposed between thefirst electrode and the emission layer. The first electrode may be ananode. The hole transport region may include at least one of a holeinjection layer, a hole transport layer, a buffer layer, or an electronblocking layer. The electron transport region may be disposed betweenthe emission layer and the second electrode. The second electrode may bea cathode. The electron transport region may include at least one of ahole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, or an electroninjection layer. At least one of the condensed cyclic compoundsrepresented by Formula 1 may be included in at least one of the holetransport region, the electron transport region, or the emission layer.

The organic light-emitting device may include a first capping layer anda second capping layer. The first capping layer may be disposed on apath where light generated from the emission layer is emitted to theoutside through the first electrode. The second capping layer may bedisposed on a path where the light generated from the emission layer isemitted to the outside through the second electrode. At least one of thefirst capping layer and the second capping layer may include at leastone of the condensed cyclic compounds represented by Formula 1.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, theorganic light-emitting device may include a structure in which the firstelectrode, the organic layer, the second electrode, and the secondcapping layer are sequentially stacked. The organic light-emittingdevice may also include a structure in which the first capping layer,the first electrode, the organic layer, and the second electrode aresequentially stacked. The organic light-emitting device may include astructure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode, theorganic layer, the second electrode, and the second capping layer aresequentially stacked. The condensed cyclic compound may be included inat least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer.

The term “organic layer” as used herein may refer to a single layerand/or a plurality of layers disposed between the first electrode andthe second electrode of the organic light-emitting device. A materialincluded in the “organic layer” is not limited to an organic material.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention. Referring to FIG. 1, an organic light-emitting device10 may include a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, and a secondelectrode 190.

A structure of the organic light-emitting device 10 according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention and a method ofmanufacturing the organic light-emitting device 10 according to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in moredetail with reference to FIG. 1.

A substrate may be disposed below the first electrode 110.Alternatively, the substrate may be disposed above the second electrode190. The substrate may include a glass substrate or a plastic substrate.The glass substrate or the plastic substrate may each have a relativelyhigh mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surfacesmoothness, ease of handling, and water-resistance.

The first electrode 110 may be formed by depositing or sputtering amaterial for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When thefirst electrode 110 is an anode, the first electrode 110 may include atleast one material with a relatively high work function, which mayfacilitate hole injection.

The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, asemi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the firstelectrode 110 is a transmissible electrode, the first electrode 110 mayinclude indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide(SnO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combinations thereof; however,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.When the first electrode 110 is a semi-transmissible electrode or areflectable electrode, the first electrode 110 may include magnesium(Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium(Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag), or anycombinations thereof; however, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

The first electrode 110 may have a single-layered structure.Alternatively, the first electrode 110 may have a multi-layeredstructure including two or more layers. For example, the first electrode110 may have a three-layered structure of ITO/Ag/ITO; however, thestructure of the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

The organic layer 150 may be disposed on the first electrode 110. Theorganic layer 150 may include an emission layer.

The organic layer 150 may include a hole transport region and anelectron transport region. The hole transport region may be disposedbetween the first electrode 110 and the emission layer. The electrontransport region may disposed be between the emission layer and thesecond electrode 190.

The hole transport region may have a single-layered structure includinga single layer including a single material. The hole transport regionmay have a single-layered structure including a single layer including aplurality of different materials. The hole transport region may have amulti-layered structure including a plurality of layers, each includinga plurality of different materials.

The hole transport region may include at least one layer selected from ahole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an emissionauxiliary layer, or an electron blocking layer (EBL).

For example, the hole transport region may have a single-layeredstructure. The single-layered structure may include a single layerincluding a plurality of different materials. Alternatively, the holetransport region may include a multi-layered structure. Themulti-layered structure may include a hole injection layer/holetransport layer structure, a hole injection layer/hole transportlayer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injectionlayer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transportlayer/emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer/holetransport layer/electron blocking layer structure. For each structure,the layers may be sequentially stacked on the first electrode 110;however, the structure of the hole transport region is not limitedthereto.

The hole transport region may include at least one of m-MTDATA, TDATA,2-TNATA, NPB(NPD), β-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD, Spiro-NPB, methylated-NPB,TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA),polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI/DBSA),poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS),polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (PANI/CSA),polyaniline/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI/PSS), a compound representedby Formula 201, or a compound represented by Formula 202:

In Formulae 201 and 202:

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₄ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

L₂₀₅ may be selected from *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—N(Q₂₀₁)-*′, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₂₀ alkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xa1 to xa4 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 3,

xa5 may be an integer selected from 1 to 10, and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ and Q₂₀₁ may each independently be selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

For example, in Formula 202, R₂₀₁ and R₂₀₂ may be linked via a singlebond, a dimethyl-methylene group, or a diphenyl-methylene group, andR₂₀₃ and R₂₀₄ may be linked via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylenegroup, or a diphenyl-methylene group.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, inFormulae 201 and 202, L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ may each independently be selectedfrom:

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, anindolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, abenzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, adibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, or a pyridinylenegroup; or

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, anindolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, abenzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, adibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and apyridinylene group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), or —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, or a naphthyl group.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, xa1 toxa4 in Formulae 201 and 202 may each independently be an integerselected from 0, 1, or 2.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, inFormulae 201 and 202, xa5 may be an integer selected from 1, 2, 3, or 4.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, inFormulae 201 and 202, R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ and Q₂₀₁ may each independently beselected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, anisoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, or a pyridinylgroup; or

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, anisoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and apyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), or —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be the same as described above.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at leastone of R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₃ in Formula 201 may each independently be selectedfrom:

a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, or a dibenzothiophenyl group; or

a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a phenyl group substituted with —F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, or a dibenzothiophenyl group; however, exemplary embodiments ofthe present invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, inFormula 202, R₂₀₁ and R₂₀₂ may be linked via a single bond and/or R₂₀₃and R₂₀₄ may be linked via a single bond.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at leastone of R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ in Formula 202 may be selected from:

a carbazolyl group; or

a carbazolyl group, substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, or a dibenzothiophenyl group;however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

The compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A; however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are notlimited thereto:

The compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A(1); however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are notlimited thereto:

The compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A-1; however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are notlimited thereto:

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thecompound represented by Formula 202 may be represented by Formula 202A:

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thecompound represented by Formula 202 may be represented by Formula202A-1:

In Formulae 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A, and 202A-1:

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃, xa1 to xa3, xa5, R₂₀₂ to R₂₀₄, R₂₁₁, and R₂₁₂ may be thesame as described above.

In Formulae 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A, and 202A-1, R₂₁₃ to R₂₁₇ mayeach independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br,—I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptylgroup, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, abiphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with aC₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with —F, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, or a pyridinylgroup.

The hole transport region may include at least one compound selectedfrom Compounds HT1 to HT39; however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto:

A thickness of the hole transport region may be in a range of from about100 Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, from about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å.When the hole transport region includes at least one of a hole injectionlayer and a hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injectionlayer may be in a range of from about 100 Å to about 9,000 Å, forexample, from about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and the thickness of thehole transport layer may be in a range of from about 50 Å to about 2,000Å, for example, from about 100 Å to about 1,500 Å. When the thickness ofthe hole transport region, the hole injection layer and the holetransport layer are within these ranges, satisfactory hole transportingcharacteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase indriving voltage.

The emission auxiliary layer may increase light-emission efficiency bycompensating for an optical resonance distance according to thewavelength of light emitted by an emission layer. The electron blockinglayer may reduce or eliminate the flow of electrons from an electrontransport region. The emission auxiliary layer and the electron blockinglayer may include materials as described herein.

The hole transport region may include a charge-generation material. Thecharge-generation material may increase conductive properties of thehole transport region. The charge-generation material may besubstantially homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in the holetransport region.

The charge-generation material may include, for example, a p-dopant.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a lowestunoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the p-dopant may be about −3.5 eVor less.

The p-dopant may include at least one of a quinone derivative, a metaloxide, or a compound including a cyano group; however, exemplaryembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

For example, the p-dopant may include at least one of:

a quinone derivative, such as tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ);

a metal oxide, such as a tungsten oxide or a molybdenum oxide;

1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN); or

a compound represented by Formula 221 below; however, exemplaryembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto:

In Formula 221, R₂₂₁ to R₂₂₃ may each independently be selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, provided that at leastone selected from R₂₂₁ to R₂₂₃ may include at least one substituentselected from a cyano group, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl groupsubstituted with —F, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with —Cl, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group substituted with —Br, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substitutedwith —I.

When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full color organiclight-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a redemission layer, a green emission layer, or a blue emission layer,according to a sub pixel. According to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention, the emission layer may have a stacked structure. Thestacked structure may include two or more layers selected from a redemission layer, a green emission layer, or a blue emission layer. Thetwo or more layers may be in direct contact with each other.Alternatively, the two or more layers may be separated from each other.According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, theemission layer may include two or more materials. The two or morematerials may include a red-light emission material, a green-lightemission material, or a blue-light emission material. The two or morematerials may be mixed with each other in a single layer. The two ormore materials mixed with each other in the single layer may emit whitelight.

The emission layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant mayinclude at least one of a phosphorescent dopant or a fluorescent dopant.

An amount of the dopant in the emission layer may be in a range of fromabout 0.01 to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight ofthe host; however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention arenot limited thereto.

A thickness of the emission layer may be in a range of from about 100 Åto about 1,000 Å, for example, from about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When thethickness of the emission layer is within this range, increasedlight-emission characteristics may be obtained without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

The host may include the condensed cyclic compound represented byFormula 1; however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention arenot limited thereto. The host may include a compound represented byFormula 301.

[Ar₃₀₁]_(xb11)-[(L₃₀₁)_(xb1)-R₃₀₁]_(xb21)  <Formula 301>

In Formula 301:

Ar₃₀₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group ora substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

xb11 may be an integer selected from 1, 2, or 3,

L₃₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xb1 may be an integer selected from 0 to 5,

R₃₀₁ may be selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃), —N(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂),—B(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₀₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₀₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂), and

xb21 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5.

Q₃₀₁ to Q₃₀₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, or a naphthyl group; however, exemplary embodiments ofthe present invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar_(3o1)in Formula 301 may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, anindenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, or a dibenzothiophenegroup; or

a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, anindenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, a naphthyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, or a naphthyl group; however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto.

When xb11 in Formula 301 is 2 or greater, at least two Ar₃₀₁(s) may belinked via a single bond.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thecompound represented by Formula 301 may be represented by Formula 301-1or 301-2:

In Formulae 301-1 to 301-2:

A₃₀₁ to A₃₀₄ may each independently be selected from a benzene, anaphthalene, a phenanthrene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, achrysene, a pyridine, a pyrimidine, an indene, a fluorene, aspiro-bifluorene, a benzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, an indole, acarbazole, a benzocarbazole, a dibenzocarbazole, a furan, a benzofuran,a dibenzofuran, a naphthofuran, a benzonaphthofuran, a dinaphthofuran, athiophene, a benzothiophene, a dibenzothiophene, a naphthothiophene, abenzonaphthothiophene, or a dinaphthothiophene.

X₃₀₁ may be oxygen (O), sulfur (S), or N-[(L₃₀₄)_(xb4)-R₃₀₄].

R₃₁₁ to R₃₁₄ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).

xb22 and xb23 may each independently be an integer selected from 0, 1,or 2.

L₃₀₁, xb1, R₃₀₁, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be the same as described above.

L₃₀₂ to L₃₀₄ may be the same as described above with reference to L₃₀₁.

Xb2 to xb4 may be the same as described above with reference to xb1.

R₃₀₂ to R₃₀₄ may be the same as described above with reference to R₃₀₁.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, L₃₀₁ toL₃₀₄ in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2 may each independently beselected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, or an azacarbazolylene group; or

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinylgroup, an azacarbazolyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be the same as described above.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, R₃₀₁ toR₃₀₄ in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2 may each independently beselected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, or anazacarbazolyl group; or

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aperylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, anindolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an azacarbazolylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may be the same as described above.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hostmay include an alkaline earth-metal complex. For example, the host mayinclude a beryllium (Be) complex, for example, Compound H55, a magnesium(Mg) complex, or a zinc (Zn) complex.

The host may include at least one of 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene(ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN),9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-t-butyl-anthracene (TBADN),4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene(mCP), 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), or Compounds H1 to H55;however exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

The phosphorescent dopant may include an organometallic complexrepresented by Formula 401:

M(L₄₀₁)_(xc1)(L₄₀₂)_(xc2)  <Formula 401>

In Formulae 401 and 402:

M may be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd),osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu),terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), or thulium (Tm).

L₄₀₁ may be selected from ligands represented by Formula 402. xc1 may bean integer selected from 1, 2, or 3. When xc1 is 2 or greater, at leasttwo L₄₀₁(s) may be the same or different from each other.

L₄₀₂ may be an organic ligand. xc2 may be an integer selected from 0 to4. When xc2 is 2 or greater, at least two L₄₀₂(s) may be the same ordifferent from each other.

X₄₀₁ to X₄₀₄ may each independently be selected from nitrogen (N) orcarbon (C).

X₄₀₁ and X₄₀₃ may be linked via a single bond or a double bond. X₄₀₂ andX₄₀₄ may be linked via a single bond or a double bond.

A₄₀₁ and A₄₀₂ may each independently be selected from a C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group or a C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group.

X₄₀₅ may be selected from a single bond, *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—C(═O)—*′,*—N(Q₄₁₁)-*′, *—C(Q₄₁₁)(Q₄₁₂)-*′, *—C(Q₄₁₁)=C(Q₄₁₂)-*′, *—C(Q₄₁₁)=*′, or*═C(Q₄₁₁)=*′. Q₄₁₁ and Q₄₁₂ may be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group.

X₄₀₆ may be selected from a single bond, oxygen (O), or sulfur (S).

R₄₀₁ and R₄₀₂ may each independently be selected from hydrogen (H),deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂)(Q₄₀₃), —N(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂),—B(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₄₀₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₄₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂),wherein Q₄₀₁ to Q₄₀₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, or a C₁-C₂₀heteroaryl group.

xc11 and xc12 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to10.

* and *′ in Formula 402 may each indicate a binding site to M in Formula401.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, A₄₀₁ andA₄₀₂ in Formula 402 may each independently be selected from a benzenegroup, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group,an indene group, a pyrrole group, a thiophene group, a furan group, animidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazolegroup, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, apyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, a quinolinegroup, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a quinoxalinegroup, a quinazoline group, a carbazole group, a benzimidazole group, abenzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, an isobenzothiophene group, abenzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, atetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a dibenzofurangroup, or a dibenzothiophene group.

In Formula 402, X₄₀₁ may be nitrogen (N) and X₄₀₂ may be carbon (C).Alternatively, X₄₀₁ and X₄₀₂ may each be nitrogen (N).

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, R₄₀₁ andR₄₀₂ in Formula 402 may each independently be selected from:

Hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a cyclopentyl group,a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, or anorbornenyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, or a dibenzothiophenyl group;

a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, anorbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, or a dibenzothiophenyl group; or

—Si(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂)(Q₄₀₃), —N(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —B(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₄₀₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₄₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₄₀₁)(Q₄₀₂). Q₄₀₁ to Q₄₀₃ may eachindependently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxygroup, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, or a naphthyl group; however,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when xc1in Formula 401 is 2 or greater, two A₄₀₁(s) in at least two L₄₀₁(s) maybe linked via X₄₀₇, which is a linking group. Alternatively, two A₄₀₂(s)in two or more L₄₀₁(s) may be linked via X₄₀₈, which is a linking group(see, e.g., Compounds PD1 to PD4 and PD7). X₄₀₇ and X₄₀₈ may eachindependently be selected from a single bond, *—O—*′, *—S—*′,*—C(═O)—*′, *—N(Q₄₁₃)-*′, *—C(Q₄₁₃)(Q₄₁₄)-*′ or *—C(Q₄₁₃)=C(Q₄₁₄)-*′, inwhich Q₄₁₃ and Q₄₁₄ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group,a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group; however,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

L₄₀₂ in Formula 401 may be a monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organicligand.

For example, L₄₀₂ may be selected from a halogen, a diketone (forexample, acetylacetonate), a carboxylic acid (for example, picolinate),—C(═O), an isonitrile, —CN, or phosphorus (for example, phosphine orphosphite); however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention arenot limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thephosphorescent dopant may be selected from, for example, Compounds PD1to PD25; however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are notlimited thereto:

According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention,the fluorescent dopant may include an arylamine compound or astyrylamine compound.

The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula501:

In Formula 501:

Ar₅₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclicgroup.

L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

xd1 to xd3 may each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 3.

R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, or a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

xd4 may be an integer selected from 1 to 6.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₅₀₁ inFormula 501 may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, or an indenophenanthrenegroup; or

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, or a naphthyl group.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, L₅₀₁ toL₅₀₃ in Formula 501 may each independently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, or a pyridinylene group; or

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, or a pyridinyl group.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, R₅₀₁ andR₅₀₂ in Formula 501 may each independently be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, or a pyridinyl group; or

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃).

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, or a naphthyl group.

xd4 in Formula 501 may be 2; however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto.

For example, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from Compounds FD1to FD22:

The fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds,however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limitedthereto.

The electron transport region may have a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material. The electrontransport region may have a single-layered structure including a singlelayer including a plurality of different materials. The electrontransport region may have a multi-layered structure each having aplurality of layers, each including a plurality of different materials.

The electron transport region may include at least one of a bufferlayer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electrontransport layer, or an electron injection layer; however, exemplaryembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

For example, the electron transport region may have an electrontransport layer/electron injection layer structure, a hole blockinglayer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer structure, anelectron control layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layerstructure, or a buffer layer/electron transport layer/electron injectionlayer structure. For each structure, the layers may be sequentiallystacked on an emission layer. However, exemplary embodiments of thestructure of the electron transport region are not limited thereto.

The electron transport region, for example, a buffer layer, a holeblocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transportlayer in the electron transport region, may include a metal-freecompound. The metal-free compound may include at least one πelectron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring.

The π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring may indicate a C₁-C₆₀heterocyclic group having at least one *—N═*′ moiety as a ring-formingmoiety.

For example, the π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring may be a5-membered to 7-membered hetero monocyclic group having at least one*—N═*′ moiety. The π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring may be aheteropoly cyclic group in which two or more 5-membered to 7-memberedhetero monocyclic groups each having at least one *—N═*′ moiety arecondensed with each other. The π electron-depleted nitrogen-containingring may be a heteropoly cyclic group in which at least one of5-membered to 7-membered hetero monocyclic groups, each having at leastone *—N═*′ moiety, is condensed with at least one C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclicgroup.

Examples of the π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring include animidazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, an isothiazole, an oxazole, anisoxazole, a pyridine, a pyrazine, a pyrimidine, a pyridazine, anindazole, a purine, a quinoline, an isoquinoline, a benzoquinoline, aphthalazine, a naphthyridine, a quinoxaline, a quinazoline, a cinnoline,a phenanthridine, an acridine, a phenanthroline, a phenazine, abenzimidazole, an isobenzothiazole, a benzoxazole, an isobenzoxazole, atriazole, a tetrazole, an oxadiazole, a triazine, thiadiazol, animidazopyridine, an imidazopyrimidine, or an azacarbazole; however,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

The condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1 may be includedin the electron transport region. According to an exemplary embodimentof the present invention, the electron transport region may include anemission auxiliary layer. The condensed cyclic compound may be includedin the emission auxiliary layer; however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, theelectron transport region may include, in addition to the condensedcyclic compound represented by Formula 1, a compound represented byFormula 601.

[Ar₆₀₁]_(xe11)-[(L₆₀₁)_(xe1)-R₆₀₁]_(xe21).  <Formula 601>

In Formula 601:

Ar₆₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclicgroup.

xe11 may be an integer selected from 1, 2, or 3.

L₆₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

xe1 may be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

R₆₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂)(Q₆₀₃), —C(═O)(Q₆₀₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₆₀₁), or —P(═O)(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂).

Q₆₀₁ to Q₆₀₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, or a naphthyl group.

xe21 may be an integer selected from 1 to 5.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at leastone of Ar₆₀₁(s) in the number of xe11 and/or at least one of R₆₀₁ (S) inthe number of xe21 may include the π electron-depletednitrogen-containing ring.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the ringAr₆₀₁ in Formula 601 may be selected from:

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, apyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazolegroup, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group,a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, aphthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, anacridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, abenzimidazole group, an iso-benzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, anisobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazolegroup, a triazine group, a thiadiazol group, an imidazopyridine group,an imidazopyrimidine group, or an azacarbazole group; or

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, apyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazolegroup, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group,a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, aphthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, anacridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, abenzimidazole group, an iso-benzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, anisobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazolegroup, a triazine group, a thiadiazol group, an imidazopyridine group,an imidazopyrimidine group, and an azacarbazole group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group,—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, or a naphthyl group.

When xe11 in Formula 601 is 2 or greater, at least two Ar₆₀₁(s) may belinked via a single bond.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Ar₆₀₁ inFormula 601 may be an anthracene group.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, thecompound represented by Formula 601 may be represented by Formula 601-1:

In Formula 601-1:

X₆₁₄ may be nitrogen (N) or C(R₆₁₄), X₆₁₅ may be nitrogen (N) orC(R₆₁₅), X₆₁₆ may be nitrogen (N) or C(R₆₁₆), and at least one selectedfrom X₆₁₄ to X₆₁₆ may be nitrogen (N).

L₆₁₁ to L₆₁₃ may each be the same as L₆₀₁.

xe611 to xe613 may each be the same as xe1.

R₆₁₁ to R₆₁₃ may each be the same as R₆₀₁.

R₆₁₄ to R₆₁₆ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, or a naphthyl group.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, L₆₀₁ andL₆₁₁ to L₆₁₃ in Formulae 601 and 601-1 may each independently beselected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, or an azacarbazolylene group; or

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinylgroup, or an azacarbazolyl group; however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, xe1 andxe611 to xe613 in Formulae 601 and 601-1 may each independently be aninteger selected from 0, 1, or 2.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, R₆₀₁ andR₆₁₁ to R₆₁₃ in Formulae 601 and 601-1 may each independently beselected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, or anazacarbazolyl group;

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aperylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, anindolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, or anazacarbazolyl group; or

—S(═O)₂(Q₆₀₁) and —P(═O)(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂).Q₆₀₁ and Q₆₀₂ may be the same asdescribed above.

The electron transport region may include at least one compound selectedfrom Compounds ET1 to ET36; however, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention are not limited thereto:

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, theelectron transport region may include at least one selected from2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP),4,7-dphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq₃, BAlq,3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole(TAZ), or NTAZ.

A thicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and theelectron control layer may each be in a range of from about 20 Å toabout 1,000 Å, for example, from about 30 Å to about 300 Å. When thethicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and theelectron control layer are within these ranges, the electron blockinglayer may have relatively high electron blocking characteristics orelectron control characteristics without a substantial increase indriving voltage.

A thickness of the electron transport layer may be in a range of fromabout 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, from about 150 Å to about 500Å. When the thickness of the electron transport layer is within therange described above, the electron transport layer may havesatisfactory electron transport characteristics without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

The electron transport region, for example, the electron transport layerin the electron transport region, may include, in addition to thematerials described above, a material including metal.

The material including metal may include at least one selected from analkali metal complex or an alkaline earth-metal complex. The alkalimetal complex may include a metal ion selected from an lithium (Li) ion,a sodium (Na) ion, a potassium (K) ion, a rubidium (Rb) ion, and acaesium (Cs) ion. The alkaline earth-metal complex may include a metalion selected from a beryllium (Be) ion, a magnesium (Mg) ion, a calcium(Ca) ion, an strontium (Sr) ion, and a barium (Ba) ion. A ligandcoordinated with the metal ion of the alkali metal complex or thealkaline earth-metal complex may be selected from a hydroxy quinoline, ahydroxy isoquinoline, a hydroxy benzoquinoline, a hydroxy acridine, ahydroxy phenanthridine, a hydroxy phenylan oxazole, a hydroxyphenylthiazole, a hydroxy diphenylan oxadiazole, a hydroxydiphenylthiadiazol, a hydroxy phenylpyridine, a hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, a hydroxy phenylbenzothiazole, a bipyridine, aphenanthroline, or a cyclopentadiene; however, exemplary embodiments ofthe present invention are not limited thereto.

For example, the material including metal may include a lithium (Li)complex. The lithium (Li) complex may include, for example, CompoundET-D1 (lithium quinolate, LiQ) or ET-D2.

The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer.The electron injection layer may be configured to facilitate injectionof electrons from the second electrode 190. The electron injection layermay be in direct contact with the second electrode 190.

The electron injection layer may have a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material. The electroninjection layer may have a single-layered structure including a singlelayer including a plurality of different materials. The electroninjection layer may have a multi-layered structure having a plurality oflayers, each including a plurality of different materials.

The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkalineearth metal, a rare-earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkalineearth-metal compound, a rare-earth metal compound, an alkali metalcomplex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare-earth metal complex orany combinations thereof.

The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs. According to anexemplary embodiment of the present invention, the alkali metal may beLi, Na, or Cs. The alkali metal may be Li or Cs; however, exemplaryembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba.

The rare-earth metal may be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Yb, Gd, or Tb.

The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth-metal compound, and therare-earth metal compound may be selected from oxides and halides (forexample, fluorides, chlorides, bromides, or iodines) of the alkalimetal, the alkaline earth-metal or the rare-earth metal.

The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides, suchas Li₂O, Cs₂O, or K₂O, and alkali metal halides, such as LiF, NaF, CsF,KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, or KI. According to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention, the alkali metal compound may include LiF, Li₂O, NaF,LiI, NaI, CsI, or KI; however, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

The alkaline earth-metal compound may be selected from alkalineearth-metal compounds, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba_(x)Sr_(1-x)O (0<x<1),or Ba_(x)Ca_(1-x)O (0<x<1). According to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention, the alkaline earth-metal compound may be selectedfrom BaO, SrO, or CaO; however, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

The rare-earth metal compound may be selected from YbF₃, ScF₃, ScO₃,Y₂O₃, Ce₂O₃, GdF₃, or TbF₃. According to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention, the rare-earth metal compound may include YbF₃, ScF₃,TbF₃, YbF₃, ScI₃, or TbI₃; however, exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention are not limited thereto.

The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth-metal complex, and therare-earth metal complex may include an ion of alkali metal, alkalineearth-metal, or rare-earth metal as described above. A ligandcoordinated with a metal ion of the alkali metal complex, the alkalineearth-metal complex, and the rare-earth metal complex may eachindependently be selected from hydroxy quinoline, hydroxy isoquinoline,hydroxy benzoquinoline, hydroxy acridine, hydroxy phenanthridine,hydroxy phenylan oxazole, hydroxy phenylthiazole, hydroxy diphenylanoxadiazole, hydroxy diphenylthiadiazol, hydroxy phenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxy phenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine,phenanthroline, or cyclopentadiene; however, exemplary embodiments ofthe present invention are not limited thereto.

The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkalineearth metal, a rare-earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkalineearth-metal compound, a rare-earth metal compound, an alkali metalcomplex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare-earth metal complex orany combinations thereof. According to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention, the electron injection layer may include an organicmaterial. When the electron injection layer includes an organicmaterial, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare-earth metal,an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare-earthmetal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metalcomplex, a rare-earth metal complex, or any combinations thereof may besubstantially homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in a matrixincluding the organic material.

A thickness of the electron injection layer may be in a range of fromabout 1 Å to about 100 Å, for example, from about 3 Å to about 90 Å.When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within the rangedescribed above, the electron injection layer may have satisfactoryelectron injection characteristics without a substantial increase indriving voltage.

The second electrode 190 may be disposed on the organic layer 150. Thesecond electrode 190 may be a cathode. The cathode may be an electroninjection electrode. Accordingly, the second electrode 190 may include ametal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a combinationthereof, which may have a relatively low work function.

The second electrode 190 may include at least one of lithium (Li),silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li),calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag), indiumtin oxide (ITO), or indium zinc oxide (IZO); however, exemplaryembodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The secondelectrode 190 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissiveelectrode, or a reflective electrode.

The second electrode 190 may have a single-layered structure.Alternatively, the second electrode 190 may have a multi-layeredstructure including two or more layers.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention. Referring to FIG. 2, an organic light-emitting device20 may include a first capping layer 210, the first electrode 110, theorganic layer 150, and the second electrode 190. The first electrode110, the organic layer 150, and the second electrode 190 may besequentially stacked.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight-emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention. Referring to FIG. 3, an organic light-emitting device30 may include the first electrode 110, the organic layer 150, thesecond electrode 190, and a second capping layer 220. The firstelectrode 110, the organic layer 150, the second electrode 190, and thesecond capping layer 220 may be sequentially stacked.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating an organiclight emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the organic light-emittingdevice 40 may include the first capping layer 210, the first electrode110, the organic layer 150, the second electrode 190, and the secondcapping layer 220. The first electrode 110, the organic layer 150, thesecond electrode 190, and the second capping layer 200 may besequentially stacked.

In the organic layer 150 of each of the organic light-emitting devices20 and 40, light generated in an emission layer may pass through thefirst electrode 110 and the first capping layer 210 toward the outside.The first electrode 110 may be a semi-transmissive or a transmissiveelectrode. In the organic layer 150 of each of the organiclight-emitting devices 30 and 40, light generated in an emission layermay pass through the second electrode 190 and the second capping layer220 toward the outside. The second electrode 190 may be asemi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode.

The first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 mayincrease external luminescent efficiency according to the principle ofconstructive interference.

The first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may eachindependently be an organic capping layer including an organic material,an inorganic capping layer including an inorganic material, or acomposite capping layer including an organic material and an inorganicmaterial.

At least one of the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer220 may include at least one material selected from carbocycliccompounds, heterocyclic compounds, amine-based compounds, porphyrinederivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, naphthalocyanine derivatives,alkali metal complexes, or alkaline earth-based complexes. Thecarbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amine-basedcompound may be optionally substituted with a substituent including atleast one element selected from O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, or I.According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at leastone of the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 mayinclude an amine-based compound.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at leastone of the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 mayinclude the compound represented by Formula 201 or the compoundrepresented by Formula 202.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at leastone of the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 mayinclude a compound selected from Compounds HT28 to HT33 and CompoundsCP1 to CP5; however, exemplary embodiments of the present invention arenot limited thereto.

Layers included in the hole transport region, the emission layer, andlayers included in the electron transport region may be formed in acertain region by using one or more suitable methods selected fromvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, langmuir-blodgett (LB)deposition, ink-jet printing, laser-printing, or laser-induced thermalimaging.

When layers included in the hole transport region, the emission layer,and layers constituting the electron transport region are formed byvacuum deposition, for example, the vacuum deposition may be performedat a deposition temperature of from about 100° C. to about 500° C., at avacuum degree of from about 10⁻⁸ torr to about 10⁻³ torr, and at adeposition rate of from about 0.01 Å/sec to about 100 Å/sec by takinginto account a material to be included in a layer to be formed, and thestructure of a layer to be formed.

When layers included in the hole transport region, the emission layer,and layers included in the electron transport region are formed by spincoating, the spin coating may be performed at a coating speed of fromabout 2,000 rpm to about 5,000 rpm and at a heat treatment temperatureof from about 80° C. to about 200° C. by taking into account a materialto be included in a layer to be formed, and the structure of a layer tobe formed.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group” as used herein refers to a linear orbranched aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60carbon atoms. Examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, apropyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group,a pentyl group, an iso-amyl group, or a hexyl group. The term “C₁-C₆₀alkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group havingsubstantially the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group” as used herein refers to a hydrocarbongroup having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle or atthe terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples thereof include anethenyl group, a propenyl group, or a butenyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀alkenylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group havingsubstantially the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group” as used herein refers to a hydrocarbongroup having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or atthe terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples thereof include anethynyl group or a propynyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynylene group” asused herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the samestructure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group” as used herein refers to a monovalentgroup represented by —OA₁₀₁, in which A₁₀₁ is the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.Examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, or anisopropyloxy group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to a monovalentsaturated hydrocarbon monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.Examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, or a cycloheptyl group. The term“C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving substantially the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected fromN, O, Si, P, or S as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms.Examples thereof include a 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl group, atetrahydrofuranyl group, or a tetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term“C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group” as used herein refers to a divalentgroup having substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent monocyclic group that has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at leastone carbon-carbon double bond in the ring thereof and does not havearomaticity. Examples thereof include a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, or a cycloheptenyl group. The term “C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group havingsubstantially the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group” as used herein refers to amonovalent monocyclic group that has at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms,and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring. Examples thereofinclude a 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl group, a 2,3-dihydrofuranylgroup and a 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁°heterocycloalkenylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylgroup.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. A“C₆-C₆₀ arylene group” as used herein refers to a divalent group havinga carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. Non-limitingexamples of the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, ora chrysenyl group. When the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and the C₆-C₆₀ arylenegroup each include two or more rings, the rings may be chemically bondedto each other.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group” as used herein refers to a monovalentgroup having a carbocyclic aromatic system that has at least oneheteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, or S as a ring-forming atom, inaddition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. A “C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group” as usedherein refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic systemthat has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, or S as aring-forming atom, in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. Non-limitingexamples of the C_(r) C₆₀ heteroaryl group include a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group. When the C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group and the C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group each include two ormore rings, the rings may be condensed with each other.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group” as used herein refers to —OA₁₀₂, inwhich A₁₀₂ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group. The term “C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group” asused herein refers to —SA₁₀₃, in which A₁₀₃ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group.

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group” as usedherein refers to a monovalent group, for example, having 8 to 60 carbonatoms, that has two or more rings condensed with each other, only carbonatoms as a ring-forming atom, and non-aromaticity in the entiremolecular structure. An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group is a fluorenyl group. The term “divalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group” as used herein refers to a divalent grouphaving substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group.

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” asused herein refers to a monovalent group, for example, having 1 to 60carbon atoms, that has two or more rings condensed to each other, atleast one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, or S, other than carbonatoms as a ring-forming atom, and has non-aromaticity in the entiremolecular structure. An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group is a carbazolyl group. The term “divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group” as used herein refers toa divalent group having substantially the same structure as themonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

The term “C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group” as used herein refers to amonocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms in which aring-forming atom is a carbon atom only. The C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic groupmay be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclicgroup. The term “C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group” as used herein refers to aring, such as a benzene, a monovalent group, such as a phenyl group, ora divalent group, such as a phenylene group. According to some exemplaryembodiments of the present invention, depending on the number ofsubstituents connected to the C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group may be a trivalent group or a quadrivalent group.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group” as used herein refers to a grouphaving substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ carbocyclic group,except that as a ring-forming atom, at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, Si, P, or S is used in addition to carbon. The number ofcarbon atoms may be in a range of 1 to 60.

At least one substituent selected from a substituent(s) of thesubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heterocyclic group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, thesubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylenegroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroarylene group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, the substituted divalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, thesubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group may be selected from:

deuterium (-D), —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —B(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —C(═O)(Q₁₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₁₁), or —P(═O)(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,or a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃),—N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —B(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —C(═O)(Q₂₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₂₁), or—P(═O)(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂); or

—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂).Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclicgroup, a biphenyl group, or a terphenyl group.

The term “Ph” used herein refers to a phenyl group, the term “Me” usedherein refers to a methyl group, the term “Et” used herein refers to anethyl group, the term “ter-Bu” or “Bu^(t)” used herein refers to atert-butyl, and the term “OMe” used herein refers to a methoxy group.

The term “biphenyl group” as used therein refers to “a phenyl groupsubstituted with a phenyl group.” As an example, a “biphenyl group” is asubstituted phenyl group having a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group as a substituent.

The term “terphenyl group” as used herein refers to “a phenyl groupsubstituted with a biphenyl group.” As an example, the “terphenyl group”is a substituted phenyl group having, as a substituent, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup substituted with a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group.

*, *′, and *″ used herein, unless defined otherwise, each refer to abinding site to a neighboring atom in a corresponding formula.

A compound according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention and an organic light-emitting device according to someexemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in moredetail with reference to Synthesis Examples and Examples. However,exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not limited to theExamples described herein. The wording “B was used instead of A” as usedin describing Synthesis Examples refers to an example in which a molarequivalent of B was used in place of A.

EXAMPLES Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 2

Synthesis of Intermediate I-1

1.34 g (10 mmol) of benzo[d]oxazol-2-amine and 3.07 g (10 mmol) of1-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2-nitrobenzene were dissolved in 80 mL ofdimethylformamide (DMF) and were then stirred at a temperature of 120°C. for about 12 hours. The obtained reacting solution was cooled to roomtemperature. Then, organic layers were extracted three times by using 30mL of water and 30 mL of ethyl acetate. The collected organic layerswere dried by using magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated.The obtained residue was separated and purified by silica gel columnchromatography, thus completing the preparation of 1.87 g (75%) ofIntermediate I-1. Intermediate I-1 was confirmed through LC-MS.C₁₅H₉N₃O₃: M+1 279.1.

Synthesis of Intermediate I-2

2.79 g (10 mmol) of Intermediate I-1 and 2.79 g (50 mmol) of Fe powderwere dissolved in 60 mL of AcOH and were then stirred at a temperatureof 90° C. for about 2 hours. The obtained reacting solution was cooledto room temperature and was then neutralized with NaHCO₃ (aq). Then,organic layers were extracted three times by using 50 mL of ethylacetate. The collected organic layers were dried by using magnesiumsulfate and the solvent was evaporated. The obtained residue wasseparated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, thuscompleting the preparation of 1.62 g (65%) of Intermediate I-2.Intermediate I-2 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₁₅H₁₁N₃O: M+1 249.3.

Synthesis of Intermediate I-3

2.49 g (10 mmol) of Intermediate I-2, 1.85 g (10 mmol) of3-bromo-benzaldehyde, and 0.200 g (1.0 mmol) of p-TsOH were dissolved in70 mL of toluene and were then stirred at a temperature of 100 t forabout 8 hours. The reacting solution was cooled to room temperature.Then, organic layers were extracted three times by using 30 mL of waterand 30 mL of ethyl acetate. The collected organic layers were dried byusing magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated. The obtainedresidue was separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography,thus completing the preparation of 2.49 g (60%) of Intermediate I-3.Intermediate I-3 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₂₂H₁₂BrN₃O: M+1 413.0.

Synthesis of Compound 2

4.13 g (10 mmol) of Intermediate I-3, 1.59 g (10 mmol) of(2,6-difluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid, 0.578 g (0.50 mmol) ofPd(PPh₃)₄, and 4.15 g (30 mmol) of K₂CO₃ were dissolved in 60 mL of amixed solution of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and H₂O (a volume ratio of 2:1)and were then stirred at a temperature of 80° C. for about 12 hours. Theobtained reacting solution was cooled to room temperature. Then, organiclayers were extracted three times by using 30 mL of water and 30 mL ofethyl acetate. The collected organic layers were dried by usingmagnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated. The obtained residuewas separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, thuscompleting the preparation of 3.23 g (72%) of Compound 2. Compound 2 wasconfirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR. C₂₇H₁₄F₂N₄O cal. 448.11, found448.12.

Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 12

3.87 g (70%) of Compound 12 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 2, except that9,9-dimethyl-7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9H-fluorene-2-carbonitrilewas used instead of (2,6-difluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid in Synthesisof Compound 2. Compound 12 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.C₃₈H₂₄N₅O cal. 552.20, found 552.21.

Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 38

Synthesis of Intermediate I-4

2.61 g (63%) of Intermediate I-4 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Intermediate I-3, except that4-bromo-benzaldehyde was used instead of 3-bromo-benzaldehyde insynthesizing Intermediate I-3. Intermediate I-4 was confirmed throughLC-MS. C₂₂H₁₂BrN₃O: M+1 413.1.

Synthesis of Intermediate I-5

4.13 g (10 mmol) of Intermediate I-4 was dissolved in 60 mL of THF and4.0 mL (2.5 M in hexane) of nBuLi was added thereto at a temperature of−78° C. After 1 hour, 1.86 g (10 mmol) of2-isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane was added theretoat a temperature of −78° C. The resultant solution was stirred at roomtemperature for about 12 hours and water was added thereto. Then,organic layers were extracted three times by using 30 mL ofdiethylether. The collected organic layers were dried by using magnesiumsulfate and the solvent was evaporated. The obtained residue wasseparated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, therebycompleting the preparation of 3.55 g (77%) of Intermediate I-5.Intermediate I-5 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₂₈H₂₄BrN₃O₃: M+1 461.2.

Synthesis of Compound 38

4.25 g (75%) of Compound 38 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 2, except that2-chloro-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine was used instead of(2,6-difluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid in synthesizing Compound 2.Compound 38 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR. C₃₇H₂₂N₆O cal.566.19, found 566.20.

Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 46

3.53 g (60%) of Compound 46 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 2, except that5-bromobenzo[d]oxazol-2-amine was used instead of benzo[d]oxazol-2-aminein synthesizing Intermediate I-1 and4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(10-phenylanthracen-9-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaborolane wasused instead of (2,6-difluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid in synthesizingCompound 2. Compound 46 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR.C₄₂H₂₅N₃O cal. 587.20, found 587.22.

Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of Compound 59

Synthesis of Intermediate I-6

2.35 g (70%) of Intermediate I-6 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Intermediate I-3, except that benzaldehyde wasused instead of 3-bromo-benzaldehyde in synthesizing Intermediate I-3.Intermediate I-6 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₂₂H₁₃N₃O: M+1 335.2

Synthesis of Compound 59

3.35 g (10 mmol) of Intermediate I-6 was dissolved in 60 mL of THF and4.0 mL (2.5 M in hexane) of nBuLi was added thereto at a temperature of−78° C. After 1 hour, 2.20 g (10 mmol) of chloro-diphenyl phosphine wasadded thereto at a temperature of −78° C. The resultant solution wasstirred at room temperature for about 12 hours and water was addedthereto. Then, organic layers were extracted three times by using 30 mLof diethylether. The collected organic layers were dried by usingmagnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated. The obtained residuewas dissolved in 60 mL of dichloromethane and 4 mL of H₂O₂ was addedthereto. The resultant solution was stirred at room temperature forabout 5 hours. 30 mL of water was added thereto. Then, organic layerswere extracted three times by using 30 mL of dichloromethane. Thecollected organic layers were dried by using magnesium sulfate and thesolvent was evaporated. The obtained residue was separated and purifiedby silica gel column chromatography, thus completing the preparation of3.86 g (72%) of Compound 59. Compound 59 was confirmed through MS/FABand ¹H NMR. C₃₄H₂₂N₃O₂P cal. 535.14, found 535.15.

Synthesis Example 6: Synthesis of Compound 73

4.36 g (63%) of Compound 73 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 2, except thatbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine was used instead of benzo[d]oxazol-2-amine insynthesizing Intermediate I-1 and9,9-diphenyl-7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9H-fluorene-2-carbonitrilewas used instead of (2,6-difluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid insynthesizing Compound 2. Compound 73 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹HNMR. C₄₈H₂₈N₄S cal. 692.20, found 692.21.

Synthesis Example 7: Synthesis of Compound 100

3.75 g (68%) of Compound 100 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 59, except that Intermediate I-7 wasused instead of Intermediate I-6 in synthesizing Compound 59. Compound100 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR. C₃₄H₂₂N₃OPS cal. 551.12,found 551.13.

Synthesis Example 8: Synthesis of Compound 123

Synthesis of Intermediate I-8

1.64 g (70%) of Intermediate I-8 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Intermediate I-1, except that(2,2-dibromovinyl)benzene was used instead of1-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2-nitrobenzene in synthesizing Intermediate I-1.Intermediate I-8 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₁₅H₁₀N₂O: M+1 234.1

Synthesis of Intermediate I-9

2.34 g (10 mmol) of Intermediate I-8 was dissolved in 100 mL of AcOH and1.03 g (15 mmol) of NaNO₂ was saturated in water and slowly addedthereto. The resultant solution was stirred for 12 hours. The obtainedreacting solution was mixed with 10 mL of water and the precipitatedsolid was filtered. The obtained solid was dissolved in ethyl acetateand water was added thereto. Then, organic layers were extracted threetimes by using 30 mL of diethylether. The collected organic layers weredried by using magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated. Theobtained residue was separated and purified by silica gel columnchromatography, thereby completing the preparation of 1.82 g (65%) ofIntermediate I-9. Intermediate I-9 was confirmed through LC-MS.C₁₅H₉N₃O₃: M+1 279.1

Synthesis of Intermediate I-10

1.64 g (66%) of Intermediate I-10 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Intermediate I-2, except that Intermediate I-9was used instead of Intermediate I-1 in synthesizing Intermediate I-2.Intermediate I-10 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₁₅H₁₁N₃O: M+1 249.1

Synthesis of Intermediate I-11

2.86 g (69%) of Intermediate I-11 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Intermediate I-3, except that IntermediateI-10 was used instead of Intermediate I-2 in synthesizing IntermediateI-3. Intermediate I-11 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₂₂H₁₂BrN₃O: M+1413.1

Synthesis of Compound 123

3.98 g (72%) of Compound 123 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 12, except that Intermediate I-11 wasused instead of Intermediate I-3 in synthesizing Compound 12. Compound123 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR. C₃₈H₂₄N₄O cal. 552.20,found 552.21.

Synthesis Example 9: Synthesis of Compound 142

Synthesis of Intermediate I-11

3.27 g (76%) of Intermediate I-12 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Intermediate I-8, except thatbenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine was used instead of benzo[d]oxazol-2-amine insynthesizing Intermediate I-8. Intermediate I-12 was confirmed throughLC-MS. C₂₂H₁₂BrN₃S: M+1 429.0

Synthesis of Compound 142

3.92 g (71%) of Compound 142 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 100, except that Intermediate I-12was used instead of Intermediate I-7 in synthesizing Compound 100.Compound 142 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR. C₃₄H₂₂N₃OPS cal.551.12, found 551.13.

Synthesis Example 10: Synthesis of Compound 144

Synthesis of Intermediate I-13

2.58 g (60%) of Intermediate I-13 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Intermediate I-11, except that5-bromobenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine was used instead ofbenzo[d]oxazol-2-amine in synthesizing Intermediate I-8. IntermediateI-13 was confirmed through LC-MS. C₂₂H₁₂BrN₃S: M+1 429.0

Synthesis of Compound 144

4.35 g (72%) of Compound 144 was prepared in substantially the samemanner as in Synthesis of Compound 123, except that, in synthesizingCompound 123, Intermediate I-13 was used instead of Intermediate I-11and3-(10-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)anthracen-9-yl)pyridinewas used instead of9,9-dimethyl-7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9H-fluorene-2-carbonitrile.Compound 144 was confirmed through MS/FAB and ¹H NMR. C₄₁H₂₄N₄S cal.604.17, found 604.18.

¹H NMR and MS/FAB of synthesized Compounds are shown in Table 1 below.Methods of synthesizing compounds other than Compounds shown in Table 1are recognizable by one of ordinary skill in the art by referring to thesynthesis paths and source materials described above.

TABLE 1 Com- MS/FAB pound ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) □ found calc. 2 δ =8.67-8.65 (m, 1H), 8.75-8.36 448.12 448.11 (m, 2H), 8.20-8.14 (m, 2H),8.00-7.95 (m, 1H), 7.86-7.82 (m, 1H), 7.71-7.64 (m, 4H), 7.26 (t, 1H),7.12 (d, 1H), 7.02 (d, 1H) 12 δ = 8.67 (d, 1H), 8.37 (t, 1H), 8.15552.21 552.20 (d, 1H), 8.00-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.90 (d, 1H), 7.86-7.80 (m,2H), 7.72-7.64 (m, 5H), 7.51-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.26 (t, 1H), 7.12 (d, 1H),1.59 (s, 6H) 38 δ = 8.81-8.75 (m, 6H), 8.68-8.65 566.20 566.19 (d, 1H),8.58-8.55 (m, 2H), 8.16 (d, 1H), 7.99 (t, 1H), 7.83 (t, 1H), 7.71-7.59(m, 6H), 7.42-7.38 (t, 2H), 7.26 (t, 1H), 7.13 (d, 1H) 46 δ = 8.69-8.63(m, 3H), 8.17 (d, 587.22 587.20 1H), 7.98 (t, 1H), 7.90 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.76 (m, 6H), 7.71-7.68 (m, 3H), 7.53- 7.45 (m, 5H), 7.41-7.28 (m, 5H)59 δ = 8.69-8.63 (m, 3H), 8.18 (d, 535.15 535.14 1H), 7.97 (t, 1H),7.86- 7.76 (m, 6H), 7.56-7.45 (m, 6H), 7.42-7.33 (m, 5H) 73 δ = 8.69 (m,1H), 8.49 (t, 1H), 692.21 692.20 8.46 (d, 1H), 8.07-7.96 (m, 3H), 7.85-7.78 (m, 3H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.66-7.47 (m, 5H), 7.38-7.30 (m, 7H) 100 δ =8.67 (d, 1H), 8.46 (d, 1H), 551.13 551.12 8.42-8.39 (m, 1H), 8.07- 8.05(m, 1H), 8.00-7.96 (m, 2H), 7.89-7.71 (m, 4H), 7.67-7.56 (m, 5H),7.52-7.34 (m, 7H) 123 δ = 9.07 (d, 1H), 8.54 (d, 1H), 552.21 552.20 8.37(t, 1H), 8.00 (dd, 1H), 7.90-7.65 (m, 8H), 7.60-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.51-5.45(m, 2H), 7.40-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.22 (d, 1H), 1.61 (s, 6H) 142 δ = 9.11 (d,1H), 8.47-8.40 (m, 551.13 551.12 2H), 8.15-8.09 (m, 2H), 7.88 (d, 1H),7.84-7.78 (m, 2H), 7.68-7.63 (m, 4H), 7.60-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.52-7.39 (m,8H) 144 δ = 9.11-9.08 (m, 2H), 8.59 (dd, 604.18 604.17 1H), 8.50 (d,1H), 8.42 (d, 1H), 8.23- 8.18 (m, 3H), 7.99-7.90 (m, 5H), 7.82 (t, 1H),7.70-7.56 (m, 5H), 7.39-7.30 (m, 5H)

Example 1

An anode was prepared by cutting an ITO glass substrate (manufactured byCorning), on which an ITO layer was deposited to a thickness of 15 Ω/cm²(1,200

), to a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.7 mm, ultrasonically cleaning the ITOglass substrate (anode) using isopropyl alcohol and pure water each forabout 5 minutes, and exposing the ITO glass substrate (anode) toirradiation of UV for about 30 minutes and ozone to clean. Then, theglass substrate (anode) was loaded into a vacuum deposition apparatus.

2-TNATA was vacuum-deposited on the ITO glass substrate (anode) to forma hole injection layer having a thickness of about 600 Å.4,4′-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]bisphenyl (NPB) wasvacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole transportlayer having a thickness of about 300 Å.

9,10-di-naphthalene-2-yl-anthracene (ADN) (blue fluorescent host) and4,4′-bis[2-(4-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenyl)vinyl]biphenyl (DPAVBi) (bluefluorescent dopant) were co-deposited on the hole transport layer at aweight ratio of 98:2 to form an emission layer having a thickness ofabout 300 Å.

Compound 2 was deposited on the emission layer to form an electrontransport layer having a thickness of about 300 Å. LiF (alkali metalhalide) was deposited on the electron transport layer to form anelectron injection layer having a thickness of about 10 Å. Al wasvacuum-deposited on the electron injection layer to form an LiF/Alelectrode (cathode electrode) having a thickness of about 3,000 Å. Thus,an organic light-emitting device was formed.

Examples 2 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2

Organic light-emitting devices of Examples 2 to 10 and ComparativeExamples 1 and 2 were manufactured in substantially the same manner asin Example 1, except that Compounds shown in Table 2 were each usedinstead of Compound 2 in forming an electron transport layer.

TABLE 2 Driving Current Half lifespan voltage density luminanceEfficiency Emission (hr @100 Material (V) (mA/cm²) (cd/m²) (cd/A) colormA/cm²) Example 1 Compound 2 3.22 50 3,775 7.55 blue 690 hr Example 2Compound 12 3.15 50 3,830 7.66 blue 702 hr Example 3 Compound 38 3.37 503,625 7.25 blue 655 hr Example 4 Compound 46 3.35 50 3,480 6.96 blue 736hr Example 5 Compound 59 3.79 50 3,430 6.86 blue 839 hr Example 6Compound 73 3.26 50 3,865 7.73 blue 672 hr Example 7 Compound 100 3.7150 3,410 6.82 blue 856 hr Example 8 Compound 123 3.30 50 3,810 7.62 blue723 hr Example 9 Compound 142 3.82 50 3,500 7.00 blue 812 hr Example 10Compound 144 3.37 50 3,630 7.26 blue 705 hr Comparative Compound 2005.06 50 3,010 6.02 blue 325 hr Example 1 Comparative Compound A 4.82 503,150 6.30 blue 436 hr Example 2

Referring to Table 2, the organic light-emitting devices of Examples 1to 10 had relatively high efficiency, luminance, and lifespancharacteristics, compared to those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, theorganic light-emitting device including the condensed cyclic compoundmay have increased efficiency, relatively high luminance, and arelatively long lifespan.

It should be understood that exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention described herein should be considered in a descriptive senseonly and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features oraspects within each embodiment should typically be considered asavailable for other similar features or aspects in other exemplaryembodiments of the present invention.

While one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention havebeen described with reference to the figures, it will be understood bythose of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form anddetails may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scopeof the present invention as defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A condensed cyclic compound represented byFormula 1:

*-(L₁)_(a1)-(Ar₁)_(b1),  <Formula 2> wherein, in Formulae 1 and 2, X₁ isO or S, Y₁ is C(R₉) or N, Y₂ is C(R₁₀) or N, L₁ is selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—S(═O)₂—*′,*—P(═O)(C)₁)—*′, *—P(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, or *—P(═S)₂—*′, a1 is aninteger selected from 0 to 4, wherein when a1 is 2 or greater, at leasttwo L₁ (s) are the same or different from each other, Ar₁ is selectedfrom a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁), b1 is an integer selectedfrom 1 to 4, wherein when b1 is 2 or greater, at least two Ar₁(s) arethe same or different from each other, R₁ to R₁₀ are each independentlyselected from a group represented by Formula 2, hydrogen, deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁)(Q₂)(Q₃), —N(Q₁)(Q₂), —B(Q₁)(Q₂), —C(═O)(Q₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), or—P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), at least one of R₁ to R₁₀ is the group represented byFormula 2, and at least one substituent selected from a substituent(s)of the substituted C₃-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heterocyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, or the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group is selected from: deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, aC₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclicgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —B(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —C(═O)(Q₁₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₁₁), or —P(═O)(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂); a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, aC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, or a terphenylgroup; a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least oneselected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxygroup, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group,—Si(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃), —N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —B(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —C(═O)(Q₂₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₂₁), or —P(═O)(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂); or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—C(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), or —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), wherein Q₁to Q₃, Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independentlyselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, or a terphenyl group, and * and *′ each indicate a binding siteto a neighboring atom.
 2. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1,wherein L₁ is selected from: a benzene group, a pentalene group, anindene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, a heptalene group,an indacene group, an acenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a spiro-benzofluorene-fluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pyrrole group, a thiophenegroup, a furan group, a silole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazolegroup, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, anisoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group,a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a benzofuran group, abenzothiophene group, a benzosilole group, a dbenzofuran group, adbenzothiophene group, a dbenzosilole group, a carbazole group, abenzocarbazole group, a dbenzocarbazole group, a benzimidazole group, oran midazopyridine group; a benzene group, a pentalene group, an indenegroup, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, a heptalene group, anIndacene group, an acenaphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a spiro-benzofluorne-fluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pyrrole group, a thiophenegroup, a furan group, a silole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazolegroup, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, anisoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group,a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a benzofuran group, abenzothlophene group, a benzosilole group, a dbenzofuran group, adbenzothiophene group, a dbenzosilole group, a carbazole group, abenzocarbazole group, a dbenzocarbazole group, a benzimidazole group,and an midazopyridine group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, acyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, acyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group,a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an Indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, apyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group,a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂); or *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—S(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′,*—P(═O)₂—*′ *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, or *—P(═S)₂—*′, wherein Q₁ and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃are each independently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group, and * and *′ each indicate abinding site to a neighboring atom.
 3. The condensed cyclic compound ofclaim 1, wherein L₁ is selected from: a benzene group, an anthracenegroup, a dibenzofuran group, a benzimidazole group, an imidazopyridinegroup, or a triazine group; a benzene group, a fluorene group, and acarbazole group, each substituted with at least one selected from acyano group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, ora pyridinyl group; and *—S(═O)(Q₁)-*′, *—S(═O)₂—*′, *—P(═O)(Q₁)-*′,*—P(═O)₂—*′ *—P(═S)(Q₁)-*′, or *—P(═S)₂—*′, wherein * and *′ eachindicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.
 4. The condensed cycliccompound of claim 1, wherein L₁ is selected from groups represented byFormulae 3-1 to 3-50:

wherein, in Formulae 3-1 to 3-50, Y₁ is O, S, C(Z₃)(Z₄), N(Z₅), orSi(Z₆)(Z₇), Z₁ to Z₇ are each independently selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolylgroup, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, abenzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group,a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group,or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), wherein Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independentlyselected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, or apyridinyl group, d2 is an integer selected from 0 to 2, d3 is an integerselected from 0 to 3, d4 is an integer selected from 0 to 4, d5 is aninteger selected from 0 to 5, d6 is an integer selected from 0 to 6, d8is an integer selected from 0 to 8, and *, *′, and *″ each indicate abinding site to a neighboring atom.
 5. The condensed cyclic compound ofclaim 1, wherein a1 is an integer selected from 0 to
 2. 6. The condensedcyclic compound of claim 1, wherein Ar₁ is selected from: a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, anindenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group,an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzonaphthofuranyl group, adinaphthofuranyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzosilolyl group, a benzonaphthosilolyl group, adinaphthosilolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, or an imidazopyridinylgroup; a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenylgroup, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, acarbazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzonaphthofuranylgroup, a dinaphthofuranyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a benzonaphthosilolylgroup, a dinaphthosilolyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, and animidazopyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂),—P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁), wherein Q₁, Q₂, and Q₃₁ toQ₃₃ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group.
 7. The condensed cyclic compoundof claim 6, wherein Ar₁ is selected from: a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group,a pyridinyl group, a triazinyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dinaphthofuranyl group, a benzimidazolyl group,or an imidazopyridinyl group; a phenyl group, a terphenyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, atriazinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adinaphthofuranyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, and an imidazopyridinylgroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, acyano group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, apyridinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,—N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃); and —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁),—P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), and —P(═S)₂(Q₁), whereinQ₁, Q₂, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group.
 8. Thecondensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein Ar₁ is selected fromgroups represented by Formulas 5-1 to 5-30, —S(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —S(═O)₂(Q₁),—P(═O)(Q₁)(Q₂), —P(═O)₂(Q₁), —P(═S)(Q₁)(Q₂), or —P(═S)₂(Q₁):

wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-30, Y₃₁ is O, S, C(Z₃₃)(Z₃₄), N(Z₃₅), orSi(Z₃₆)(Z₃₇), Z₃₁ to Z₃₇ are each independently selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group,a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, a pyridinyl group,an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, abenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, or —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃),wherein Q₁, Q₂, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independently selected from aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a pyridinyl group, e3 isan integer selected from 0 to 3, e4 is an integer selected from 0 to 4,e5 is an integer selected from 0 to 5, e6 is an integer selected from 0to 6, e7 is an integer selected from 0 to 7, e9 is an integer selectedfrom 0 to 9, and * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom. 9.The condensed cyclic compound of claim 8, wherein Ar₁ is selected fromgroups represented by Formulae 5-1, 5-3, 5-4, 5-7, 5-13, 5-14, 5-22, and5-27 to 5-30.
 10. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein Ar₁is selected from groups represented by Formulae 6-1 to 6-143 and groupsrepresented by Formulae 10-1 to 10-7:

wherein Ph in Formulae 6-1 to 6-143 and 10-1 to 10-7 refers to a phenylgroup, and * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.
 11. Thecondensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein i) Y₁═C(R₉) and at leastone selected from R₁ to R₃ and R₉ is represented by Formula 2; or ii)Y₂═C(R₁₀) and at least one selected from R₁ to R₃ and R₁₀ is representedby Formula
 2. 12. The condensed cyclic compound of claim 1, wherein thecondensed cyclic compound is selected from Compounds 1 to 155:


13. An organic light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; asecond electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layerdisposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, theorganic layer comprising an emission layer, wherein the organic layercomprises at least one of the condensed cyclic compounds of claim
 1. 14.The organic light-emitting device of claim 13, wherein the firstelectrode is an anode, the second electrode is a cathode, the organiclayer further comprises a hole transport region disposed between thefirst electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport regionbetween the emission layer and the second electrode, the hole transportregion comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, abuffer layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer,or any combination thereof, and the electron transport region comprisesan emission auxiliary layer, a hole blocking layer, an electrontransport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combinationthereof.
 15. The organic light-emitting device of claim 14, wherein theelectron transport region comprises the condensed cyclic compound ofclaim
 1. 16. The organic light-emitting device of claim 14, wherein theelectron transport region comprises an electron transport layer, and theelectron transport layer comprises the condensed cyclic compound ofclaim
 1. 17. The organic light-emitting device of claim 14, wherein theemission layer comprises the condensed cyclic compound of claim
 1. 18.The organic light-emitting device of claim 17, wherein the emissionlayer further comprises a dopant, an amount of the condensed cycliccompound in the emission layer is larger than an amount of the dopant,the condensed cyclic compound in the emission layer is configured toserve as a host, and the dopant is a phosphorescent dopant or afluorescent dopant.
 19. The organic light-emitting device of claim 16,wherein the electron transport region comprises an emission auxiliarylayer, and the emission auxiliary layer comprises the condensed cycliccompound of claim
 1. 20. The organic light-emitting device of claim 19,wherein the electron transport region further comprises an electrontransport layer, and the emission auxiliary layer is disposed betweenthe electron transport layer and the emission layer.